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- ## _Formulary for a New Urbanism_
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- benjamin
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- arcade project
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- > The crowd was the veil from behind which the familiar city as phantasmagoria beckoned to the _flâneur_. In it, the city was now landscape, now a room. And both of these went into the construction of the department store, which made use of _flânerie_ itself in order to sell goods. The department store was the _flâneur's_ final coup. As _flâneurs_, the intelligentsia came into the market place. As they thought, to observe it – but in reality it was already to find a buyer. In this intermediary stage ... they took the form of the _[bohème](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohemianism "Bohemianism")_. To the uncertainty of their economic position corresponded the uncertainty of their political function.
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- Drawing on Fournel, and on his analysis of the poetry of Baudelaire, [Walter Benjamin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Benjamin "Walter Benjamin") described the _flâneur_ as the essential figure of the modern urban spectator, an amateur detective and investigator of the city. More than this, his _flâneur_ was a sign of the alienation of the city and of capitalism. For Benjamin, the _flâneur_ met his demise with the triumph of [consumer capitalism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_capitalism "Consumer capitalism").[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fl%C3%A2neur#cite_note-benjamin-7)
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- Fournel wrote: "The _flâneur_ must not be confused with the _badaud_; a nuance should be observed there .... The simple _flâneur_ is always in full possession of his individuality, whereas the individuality of the _badaud_ disappears. It is absorbed by the outside world ... which intoxicates him to the point where he forgets himself. Under the influence of the spectacle which presents itself to him, the _badaud_ becomes an impersonal creature; he is no longer a human being, he is part of the public, of the crowd."[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fl%C3%A2neur#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFournel1867270-8)[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fl%C3%A2neur#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShaya2004-1)
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- temporality theme
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